you can Write anywhere

TUJUAN AKHIR PEMBELAJARAN

A. 10 PERINTAH DASAR pada linux debian

1. MKDIR = Membuat direktori contoh komputer-4:/home/debian# mkdir /home/debian/diah
2. rmdir = menghapus direktori contoh komputer-4:/home/debian# rmdir /home/debian/diah
3. cd = pindah direktori contoh komputer-4:/home/debian# cd /home/debian
komputer-4:/home/debian#
4. ls = melihat file file / direktori contoh komputer-4:/home/debian# ls
17 b Desktop Luvia - Jangan Menangis Untukku [www.musik-corner.com].mp3
binti komarudin ssh
5. ls -l = untuk melihat permisi dari sebuah file contoh komputer-4:/home/debian# ls -l
total 4492
-rw-r--r-- 1 debian debian 1284 2010-05-18 07:36 17 b
drwxr-xr-x 2 debian debian 4096 2010-05-17 10:52 binti
drwxr-xr-x 3 debian debian 4096 2010-05-25 13:58 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x 3 debian debian 4096 2010-05-04 13:35 komarudin
-rw------- 1 debian debian 4565798 2010-05-25 07:48 Luvia - Jangan Menangis Untukku [www.musik-corner.com].mp3
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2010-05-17 11:16 ssh
6. nano = untuk meng edit file

7. useradd/adduser = membuat user baru
komputer-4:/home/debian# adduser aku
Adding user `aku' ...
Adding new group `aku' (1004) ...
Adding new user `aku' (1004) with group `aku' ...
Creating home directory `/home/aku' ...
Copying files from `/etc/skel' ...
Enter new UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: password updated successfully
Changing the user information for aku
Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default
Full Name []:
Room Number []:
Work Phone []:
Home Phone []:
Other []:
Is the information correct? [Y/n] y
adduser membuat user + paswd
useradd membuat user biasa
8. userdell menghapus user
9. touch = membuat text dokumen
komputer-4:/home/debian# touch diah.txt
komputer-4:/home/debian# ls
17 b diah.txt ssh
binti komarudin
Desktop Luvia - Jangan Menangis Untukku [www.musik-corner.com].mp3
10. pwd = melihat posisi kita berada dimana
komputer-4:/home/debian# pwd
/home/debian

B.MEMBUAT USER
komputer-4:/home/debian# adduser diah
Adding user `diah' ...
Adding new group `diah' (1004) ...
Adding new user `diah' (1004) with group `diah' ...
Creating home directory `/home/diah' ...
Copying files from `/etc/skel' ...
Enter new UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: password updated successfully
Changing the user information for diah
Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default
Full Name []:
Room Number []:
Work Phone []:
Home Phone []:
Other []:
Is the information correct? [Y/n] y

c.MERUBAH PERMISI
lihat permisi
diah@komputer-4:~$ ls -l
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 diah diah 4096 2010-05-31 11:18 diach
-rw-r--r-- 1 diah diah 76 2010-05-31 11:22 diach.txt
permisi diach.txt Owner = rw- = read write hanya bisa membaca & menulis
grub = r-- = read membaca
other = r-- = read membaca
kemudian rubah permisi
diah@komputer-4:~$ chmod 744 diach.txt
diah@komputer-4:~$ ls -l
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 diah diah 4096 2010-05-31 11:18 diach
-rwxr--r-- 1 diah diah 76 2010-05-31 11:22 diach.txt
744 - rwx r-- r-- artinya Owner =read write execute rwx r,w,dan exekusi
grub = hanya bisa read r-- read
other = hanya bisa read r-- read
D.INSTALL PAKET SOFTWARE

CARA 1 menggunakan cd binarry
>add cd-rom
komputer-4:/home/diah# apt-cdrom add
Using CD-ROM mount point /cdrom/
Unmounting CD-ROM
Waiting for disc...
Please insert a Disc in the drive and press enter
Mounting CD-ROM...
Identifying.. [1d99987704e565d9b7355b3dece462af-2]
Scanning disc for index files..
Found 1 package indexes, 0 source indexes, 0 translation indexes and 0 signatures
Found label 'Debian GNU/Linux 5.0.4 _Lenny_ - Official i386 CD Binary-2 20100131-18:53'
This disc is called:
'Debian GNU/Linux 5.0.4 _Lenny_ - Official i386 CD Binary-2 20100131-18:53'
Reading Package Indexes... Done
Writing new source list
Source list entries for this disc are:
deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 5.0.4 _Lenny_ - Official i386 CD Binary-2 20100131-18:53]/ lenny main
Unmounting CD-ROM...
Repeat this process for the rest of the CDs in your set.
masukkan cd kembali

>masuk repository
komputer-4:/home/diah# nano /etc/apt/sources.list
beri tanda # di depan kecuali pada cd binnary 2
>update dengan cara komputer-4:/home/diah# apt-get update
Ign cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux 5.0.4 _Lenny_ - Official i386 CD Binary-2 20100131-18:53] lenny Release.gpg
Ign cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux 5.0.4 _Lenny_ - Official i386 CD Binary-2 20100131-18:53] lenny/main Translation-en_US
Ign cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux 5.0.4 _Lenny_ - Official i386 CD Binary-2 20100131-18:53] lenny Release
Ign cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux 5.0.4 _Lenny_ - Official i386 CD Binary-2 20100131-18:53] lenny/main Packages/DiffIndex
Reading package lists... Done
>kemudian instal dengan cara
komputer-4:/home/diah# apt-get install gimp
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
gimp-data libgimp2.0 libgtkhtml2-0 libmng1 libwmf0.2-7
Suggested packages:
gimp-help-en gimp-help libgimp-perl gimp-data-extras
Recommended packages:
gimp-gnomevfs gimp-libcurl gimp-python
The following NEW packages will be installed:
gimp gimp-data libgimp2.0 libgtkhtml2-0 libmng1 libwmf0.2-7
0 upgraded, 6 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 0B/15.4MB of archives.
After this operation, 46.3MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
Selecting previously deselected package libgimp2.0.
(Reading database ... 57537 files and directories currently installed.)......
SAMPAI
Setting up gimp (2.4.7-1) ...
Processing triggers for menu ... instal selesai

CARA 2 online
tulis daftar repositori
deb http://192.168.0.2/repo/debian/lenny/dvd2 lenny main contrib
deb http://192.168.0.2/repo/debian/lenny/dvd1 lenny main contrib
deb http://192.168.0.2/repo/debian/lenny/dvd3 lenny main contrib
deb http://192.168.0.2/repo/debian/lenny/dvd4 lenny main contrib
simpan & keluar
apt-get update
komputer-4:/home/diah# apt-get update
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny Release.gpg
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny/contrib Translation-en_US
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny Release.gpg
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny/contrib Translation-en_US
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny Release.gpg
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny/contrib Translation-en_US
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny Release.gpg
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny/contrib Translation-en_US
Get:1 http://192.168.0.2 lenny Release [725B]
Get:2 http://192.168.0.2 lenny Release [900B]
Get:3 http://192.168.0.2 lenny Release [725B]
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny Release
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main Packages
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny/contrib Packages
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main Packages
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny/contrib Packages
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main Packages
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny/contrib Packages
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main Packages
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny/contrib Packages
Get:4 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main Packages [1356kB]
Get:5 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/contrib Packages [10.1kB]
Get:6 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main Packages [1449kB]
Get:7 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/contrib Packages [3731B]
Get:8 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main Packages [1905kB]
Get:9 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/contrib Packages [16.2kB]
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main Packages
Ign http://192.168.0.2 lenny/contrib Packages

KEMUDIAN INSTALL SOFWARE
komputer-4:/home/diah# apt-get install inkscape
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
imagemagick libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgtkspell0 libilmbase6 libjasper1
libltdl3 libmagick++10 libmagick10 libopenexr6 libplot2c2 libpstoedit0c2a
libwmf-bin libwpd8c2a libwpg-0.1-1 perlmagick pstoedit
Suggested packages:
dia dia-gnome ruby libsvg-perl libxml-xql-perl python-numpy python-lxml
python-uniconverter skencil ttf-bitstream-vera libgd-tools libjasper-runtime
html2ps xfig ivtools-bin tgif transfig
The following NEW packages will be installed:
imagemagick inkscape libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgtkspell0 libilmbase6
libjasper1 libltdl3 libmagick++10 libmagick10 libopenexr6 libplot2c2
libpstoedit0c2a libwmf-bin libwpd8c2a libwpg-0.1-1 perlmagick pstoedit
0 upgraded, 18 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 27.1MB of archives.
After this operation, 88.4MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated!
libgd2-noxpm libltdl3 libgraphviz4 libilmbase6 libjasper1 libopenexr6
libmagick10 imagemagick libgtkspell0 libmagick++10 libwpd8c2a libwpg-0.1-1
inkscape libplot2c2 libpstoedit0c2a libwmf-bin perlmagick pstoedit
Install these packages without verification [y/N]? y
Get:1 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main libgd2-noxpm 2.0.36~rc1~dfsg-3 [221kB]
Get:2 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main libltdl3 1.5.26-4 [177kB]
Get:3 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main libgraphviz4 2.20.2-3 [536kB]
Get:4 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main libilmbase6 1.0.1-2+nmu2 [118kB]
Get:5 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main libjasper1 1.900.1-5.1 [145kB]
Get:6 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main libopenexr6 1.6.1-3 [262kB]
Get:7 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main libmagick10 7:6.3.7.9.dfsg2-1~lenny1 [4010kB]
Get:8 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main imagemagick 7:6.3.7.9.dfsg2-1~lenny1 [1431kB]
Get:9 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main libgtkspell0 2.0.13-1+b1 [23.4kB]
Get:10 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main libmagick++10 7:6.3.7.9.dfsg2-1~lenny1 [174kB]
Get:11 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main libwpd8c2a 0.8.14-1 [220kB]
Get:12 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main libwpg-0.1-1 0.1.2-1 [99.6kB]
Get:13 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main inkscape 0.46-2.lenny2 [18.0MB]
Get:14 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main libplot2c2 2.5-2+b1 [877kB]
Get:15 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main libpstoedit0c2a 3.45-4 [377kB]
Get:16 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main libwmf-bin 0.2.8.4-6 [16.9kB]
Get:17 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main perlmagick 7:6.3.7.9.dfsg2-1~lenny1 [170kB]
Get:18 http://192.168.0.2 lenny/main pstoedit 3.45-4 [166kB]
Fetched 27.1MB in 23s (1136kB/s)
Selecting previously deselected package libgd2-noxpm.
(Reading database ... 58735 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking libgd2-noxpm (from .../libgd2-noxpm_2.0.36~rc1~dfsg-3_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package libltdl3.
Unpacking libltdl3 (from .../libltdl3_1.5.26-4_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package libgraphviz4.
Unpacking libgraphviz4 (from .../libgraphviz4_2.20.2-3_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package libilmbase6.
Unpacking libilmbase6 (from .../libilmbase6_1.0.1-2+nmu2_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package libjasper1.
Unpacking libjasper1 (from .../libjasper1_1.900.1-5.1_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package libopenexr6.
Unpacking libopenexr6 (from .../libopenexr6_1.6.1-3_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package libmagick10.
Unpacking libmagick10 (from .../libmagick10_7%3a6.3.7.9.dfsg2-1~lenny1_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package imagemagick.
Unpacking imagemagick (from .../imagemagick_7%3a6.3.7.9.dfsg2-1~lenny1_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package libgtkspell0.
Unpacking libgtkspell0 (from .../libgtkspell0_2.0.13-1+b1_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package libmagick++10.
Unpacking libmagick++10 (from .../libmagick++10_7%3a6.3.7.9.dfsg2-1~lenny1_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package libwpd8c2a.
Unpacking libwpd8c2a (from .../libwpd8c2a_0.8.14-1_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package libwpg-0.1-1.
Unpacking libwpg-0.1-1 (from .../libwpg-0.1-1_0.1.2-1_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package inkscape.
Unpacking inkscape (from .../inkscape_0.46-2.lenny2_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package libplot2c2.
Unpacking libplot2c2 (from .../libplot2c2_2.5-2+b1_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package libpstoedit0c2a.
Unpacking libpstoedit0c2a (from .../libpstoedit0c2a_3.45-4_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package libwmf-bin.
Unpacking libwmf-bin (from .../libwmf-bin_0.2.8.4-6_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package perlmagick.
Unpacking perlmagick (from .../perlmagick_7%3a6.3.7.9.dfsg2-1~lenny1_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package pstoedit.
Unpacking pstoedit (from .../pstoedit_3.45-4_i386.deb) ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Processing triggers for menu ...
Setting up libgd2-noxpm (2.0.36~rc1~dfsg-3) ...
Setting up libltdl3 (1.5.26-4) ...
Setting up libgraphviz4 (2.20.2-3) ...
Setting up libilmbase6 (1.0.1-2+nmu2) ...
Setting up libjasper1 (1.900.1-5.1) ...
Setting up libopenexr6 (1.6.1-3) ...
Setting up libmagick10 (7:6.3.7.9.dfsg2-1~lenny1) ...
Setting up imagemagick (7:6.3.7.9.dfsg2-1~lenny1) ...
Setting up libgtkspell0 (2.0.13-1+b1) ...
Setting up libmagick++10 (7:6.3.7.9.dfsg2-1~lenny1) ...
Setting up libwpd8c2a (0.8.14-1) ...
Setting up libwpg-0.1-1 (0.1.2-1) ...
Setting up inkscape (0.46-2.lenny2) ...
Setting up libplot2c2 (2.5-2+b1) ...
Setting up libpstoedit0c2a (3.45-4) ...
Setting up libwmf-bin (0.2.8.4-6) ...
Setting up perlmagick (7:6.3.7.9.dfsg2-1~lenny1) ...
Setting up pstoedit (3.45-4) ...
Processing triggers for menu ...

E. REMOTE LOGIN
INSTAL SSH LALU
komputer-4:/home/diah# ssh 192.168.0.23
ssh: connect to host 192.168.0.23 port 22: No route to host
komputer-4:/home/diah# ssh 192.168.0.60
The authenticity of host '192.168.0.60 (192.168.0.60)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 55:43:01:a7:8c:a8:a1:fc:7d:d6:9c:7d:f1:0e:9c:f1.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? y
Please type 'yes' or 'no': yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.0.60' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.0.60's password:
Permission denied, please try again.
root@192.168.0.60's password:
Linux komputer-3 2.6.26-2-686 #1 SMP Sat Dec 26 09:01:51 UTC 2009 i686

The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
Last login: Tue May 18 08:30:46 2010 from 192.168.1.27
komputer-3:~#
kita telah masuk ke root ip. 192.168.0.60
keluar = exit

F. MENJALANKAN TOOLS JARINGAN
1.lspci= untuk melihat interface jaringan sudah terpasang apa belum
komputer-4:/home/diah# lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82G33/G31/P35/P31 Express DRAM Controller (rev 10)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 82G33/G31 Express Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 10)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) High Definition Audio Controller (rev 01)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port 1 (rev 01)
00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port 2 (rev 01)
00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 01)
00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 01)
00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3 (rev 01)
00:1d.3 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #4 (rev 01)
00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller (rev 01)
00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev e1)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR (ICH7 Family) LPC Interface Bridge (rev 01)
00:1f.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) IDE Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR/GH (ICH7 Family) SATA IDE Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) SMBus Controller (rev 01)
02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 03)

2.mii-tool = untuk melihat status interface link
komputer-4:/home/diah# mii-tool
eth0: negotiated 100baseTx-FD flow-control, link ok

3.ifconfig = untuk melihat alamat ip kita
komputer-4:/home/diah# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 40:61:86:58:29:9b
inet addr:192.168.0.63 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::4261:86ff:fe58:299b/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:29680 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:12367 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:33992475 (32.4 MiB) TX bytes:830745 (811.2 KiB)
Interrupt:221 Base address:0x4000

lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:405 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:405 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:33916 (33.1 KiB) TX bytes:33916 (33.1 KiB)
3.netstat = untuk mengetahui layer transport
komputer-4:/home/diah# netstat
Active Internet connections (w/o servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
Active UNIX domain sockets (w/o servers)
Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 3129 @/org/kernel/udev/udevd
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 7501 @/org/freedesktop/hal/udev_event

4.ping = untuk melihat apakah ip yang kita tuju sudah konek apa belum
komputer-4:/home/diah# ping 192.168.0.60
PING 192.168.0.60 (192.168.0.60) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.0.60: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=3.56 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.60: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.112 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.60: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.111 ms
^C
--- 192.168.0.60 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2006ms

5. ssh = untuk masuk / login ke komputer lain

komputer-4:/home/diah# ssh 192.168.0.23
ssh: connect to host 192.168.0.23 port 22: No route to host
komputer-4:/home/diah# ssh 192.168.0.60
The authenticity of host '192.168.0.60 (192.168.0.60)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 55:43:01:a7:8c:a8:a1:fc:7d:d6:9c:7d:f1:0e:9c:f1.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? y
Please type 'yes' or 'no': yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.0.60' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.0.60's password:
maka masuk root komputer 192.168.0.60

6. route-n = untuk melihat table iptables
komputer-4:/home/diah# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
192.168.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
0.0.0.0 192.168.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0

7.arp = untuk melihat history komputer yang konek dengan kita
komputer-4:/home/diah# arp
Address HWtype HWaddress Flags Mask Iface
192.168.0.60 ether 40:61:86:48:b3:18 C eth0
192.168.0.60 ether 40:61:86:48:b3:18 C eth0


selamat mencoba semoga sukses